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| Kauaʻi ʻamakihi | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Fringillidae |
| Subfamily: | Carduelinae |
| Genus: | Chlorodrepanis |
| Species: | C. stejnegeri
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| Binomial name | |
| Chlorodrepanis stejnegeri (Wilson, SB, 1890)
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| Synonyms | |
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Viridonia stejnegeri Wilson, 1980 | |
The Kauaʻi ʻamakihi (Chlorodrepanis stejnegeri) is a species of Hawaiian honeycreepers endemic[2] to Kauaʻi in the family Fringillidae. The species Hawaiian name is associated with is Kihikihi, or kihi, which stems from the word amakihi. Kihikihi, meaning curved, makes a reference to the bill of the Kauaʻi ʻamakihi.[3] The Kauaʻi ʻamakihi has similar physical features to an extinct species, the Kauaʻi nukupuʻu . When flying or feeding, the Kaua'i 'amakihi lets out a distinguishing tweet.[3]
Distribution
[edit]This species is endemic to the island of Kauaʻi [3] The Kaua'i 'amakihi resides in the higher elevations of the Kaua'i mountains usually above 600 meters in elevation. They previously occurred at lower elevations,[4] but due to the loss of habitat, are now mostly found at elevations higher than 600 meters in mountainous areas.[5] They are known to be around 'ōhi'a and koa trees.[3] They are especially common in ōhi'a trees where they often nest and in ōhi'a forests.[6] They can be spotted at Waimea Canyon, Nā Pali Plateau, Alaka'i Swamp, and Makaleha Mountains.[4]
Anatomy
[edit]This species has a greenish-yellow with black lores and a large, sickle-shaped, down curved beak. Males usually have bigger beaks and more color compared to the females which have smaller beaks and a more dull color.[6] More dull feathers and a bigger beaks distinguishes the Kaua'i 'amakihi from the other ʻamakihi species.[4]
Conservation
[edit]The Kauaʻi ʻamakihi has been categorized as Endangered by the IUCN. As of 2023, this species has an estimated population of 2,200 – 4,400 mature individuals, which is decreasing. The Kauaʻi ʻamakihi is threatened by habitat loss, invasive species, and diseases such as avian pox and avian malaria.[1]
References
[edit]- ^ a b BirdLife International (2023). "Chlorodrepanis stejnegeri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2023 e.T22720756A223174818. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2023-1.RLTS.T22720756A223174818.en.
- ^ Rivera, Shannon N.; Fortini, Lucas Berio; Plentovich, Sheldon; Price, Melissa R. (2021-09-01). "Perceived Barriers to the Use of Assisted Colonization for Climate Sensitive Species in the Hawaiian Islands". Environmental Management. 68 (3): 329–339. doi:10.1007/s00267-021-01491-w. ISSN 1432-1009. PMC 8384802. PMID 34160659.
- ^ a b c d Munro, George (2012). Birds of Hawaii. Tuttle Publishing. pp. 100–101.
- ^ a b c DLNR (2015). "Forest Birds: Kauai amakihi" (PDF). Hawaiʻi Department of Land and Natural Resources. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 January 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
- ^ Camp, Richard (2011). Design of forest bird monitoring for strategic habitat conservation on Kaua′i Island, Hawai′i. Hawai`i: MarcosGorresen. pp. 33–35.
- ^ a b "Kaua'i 'Amakihi – Kauai Forest Bird Recovery Project". kauaiforestbirds.org. Retrieved 2022-02-24.
External links
[edit]- Species factsheet - BirdLife International
- Videos, photos and sounds - Internet Bird Collectio
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