Source: Wikipedia
| Golden-naped tanager | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Thraupidae |
| Genus: | Chalcothraupis Bonaparte, 1851 |
| Species: | C. ruficervix
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| Binomial name | |
| Chalcothraupis ruficervix | |
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The golden-naped tanager (Chalcothraupis ruficervix) is a species of bird in the tanager family Thraupidae. It is found in South America from Colombia to Bolivia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and heavily degraded former forest.
Taxonomy
[edit]The golden-naped tanager was illustrated by the French naturalists Florent Prévost and Marc Athanase Parfait Oeillet Des Murs in 1842. They coined the binomial name Tanagra ruficervix.[2] The type locality is Bogotá in Colombia.[3] The specific epithet combines the Latin rufus meaning "red" and cervix meaning "nape".[4] A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2014 found that Tangara was polyphyletic and in the rearrangement to create monophyletic genera, the golden-naped tanager was moved to the resurrected genus Chalcothraupis.[5] The genus had originally been introduced by the French naturalist Charles Lucien Bonaparte in 1851 with the golden-naped tanager as the type species.[6] The genus name combines the Ancient Greek khalkos meaning "bronze" and thraupis, an unidentified small bird.[7]
Six subspecies are recognised:[8]
- C. r. ruficervix (Prévost & Des Murs, 1842) – Colombia
- C. r. leucotis (Sclater, PL, 1851) – west Ecuador
- C. r. taylori (Taczanowski & Berlepsch, 1885) – southeast Colombia, east Ecuador and north Peru
- C. r. amabilis (Zimmer, JT, 1943) – north to central Peru
- C. r. inca (Parkes, 1969) – south Peru
- C. r. fulvicervix (Sclater, PL & Salvin, 1876) – southeast Peru and west Bolivia
Description
[edit]Golden-naped tanagers have plumage similar to those of the metallic-green tanager, the swallow tanager and the blue-and-black tanager[9] as adults of all three species are primarily blue with black facial masking, however, the golden-naped tanager is the only primarily blue tanager with a golden or reddish crown patch or nape.[10] Females have a similar pattern to males, but have duller colors and a narrower nape patch. Juveniles of both genders have a primarily dull blue-gray coloration with a lighter breast and belly, and lack the distinctive golden nape.
References
[edit]- ^ BirdLife International (2012). "Tangara ruficervix". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
- ^ Prévost, Florent; Des Murs, Marc Athanase Parfait Oeillet (1846). Petit-Thouars, A.A. du (ed.). Voyage autour du monde sur la frégate la Vénus (in French). Vol. Atlas de Zoology. Paris: Gide et Cie. Plate 5, fig 1. Although the volume bears the date of 1846, the plates were issued in parts. Livraison 2 with Plate 5 showing Tanagra ruficervix was published in 1842.
- ^ Paynter, Raymond A. Jr, ed. (1970). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 13. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 378.
- ^ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 341. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
- ^ Burns, K.J.; Shultz, A.J.; Title, P.O.; Mason, N.A.; Barker, F.K.; Klicka, J.; Lanyon, S.M.; Lovette, I.J. (2014). "Phylogenetics and diversification of tanagers (Passeriformes: Thraupidae), the largest radiation of Neotropical songbirds". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 75: 41–77. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.02.006. PMID 24583021.
- ^ Bonaparte, Charles Lucien (1851). "Note sur les Tangaras, leurs affinités, et descriptions d'espèces nouvelles". Revue et Magasin de Zoologie Pure et Appliquée. 2nd series (in French). 3: 129–145 [131].
- ^ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 98. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
- ^ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (July 2020). "Tanagers and allies". IOC World Bird List Version 10.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
- ^ Ridgely, Robert; Tudor, Guy (2009). Field Guide to the Songbirds of South America: The Passerines. University of Texas Press. ISBN 978-0292719798.
- ^ Porturas, Laura, and Kevin J. Burns. 2012. Golden-naped Tanager (Tangara ruficervix), Neotropical Birds Online (T. S. Schulenberg, Editor). Ithaca: Cornell Lab of Ornithology; retrieved from Neotropical Birds Online: http://neotropical.birds.cornell.edu/portal/species/overview?p_p_spp=605996
External links
[edit]- Xeno-canto: audio recordings of the golden-naped tanager
- Tangara ruficervix at Neotropical Birds Online
- Tangara ruficervix at Discover Life.
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